噶伦堡面条商人: 达赖喇嘛二哥传奇人生

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VOA Chinese, Apr 27, 2015.
www.voachinese.com/content/gyalo ... 150427/2736068.html

Note:
(a) "近日，达赖喇嘛的二哥嘉乐顿珠的自传出版。这本自传名为《噶伦堡的面条商人：我为西藏奋斗的背后不为人知的故事》"

嘉乐顿珠 Gyalo Thondup and 石文安 Anne F Thurston, The Noodle Maker of Kalimpong: The untold story of my struggle for Tibet. PublicAffairs, Apr 14, 2015.
(i) Kalimpong
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimpong
(section Name origin: means Land of Kings)
(ii) The name of the 14th Dalai Lama is Tenzin Gyatso 丹增 嘉措 (1935- ).
(A) Gyatso
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyatso
("a Tibetan personal name meaning 'ocean' * * * Each Dalai Lama, other than the 1st, has had Gyatso as the second word of his personal name; for instance, the current Dalai Lama is named Tenzin Gyatso. See the list of Dalai Lamas")
(B) Tenzin
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin
(a Tibetan given name, meaning "the holder of Buddha Dharma")

(b) "4月15日， * * * 石文安博士在华盛顿召开读书会她朗读了嘉乐顿珠抒写的前言。她念道：'在卫藏境内，正式的公告颁布了。年幼的弟弟拉莫顿珠是达赖喇嘛的第十四世转世。从这一刻起，我们的生活永远地改变了。' ”

卫藏  Ü-Tsang is made up of 卫 Ü (or Front Tibet 前藏) and Tsang 藏 (or Back Tibet 后藏.

(c) "达赖喇嘛的大哥土登晋美诺布曾做过高僧,后来美国印第安纳大学 [at Bloomington] 任藏学教授,在2008年9月病逝，享年86岁。"
(i) Thupten Jigme Norbu
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thubten_Jigme_Norbu
(1922-2008; At the age of three [before the 14th Dalai Lama was born], he was recognized by the [13th] Dalai Lama as the 24th incarnation of Taktser Rinpoche  当彩活佛 [a Tibetan lama]; in exile 1950-2008; favored Tibet's independence)
(ii) Douglas Martin, T Norbu, Dalai Lama’s Brother, Dies at 86. New York Times, Sept 9, 2008
www.nytimes.com/2008/09/09/world/asia/09norbu.html
(IN 1950 when China invaded Tibet, "Mr Norbu told his brother that he himself would renounce his monastic vows and go abroad as an emissary for Tibet. * * * In exile in India, Mr. Norbu approached the C.I.A., which agreed to support Tibetan resistance fighters. He later helped translate during training sessions for guerrillas. * * * In 1955, he arrived in the United States to seek citizenship, perhaps the first Tibetan fleeing Communism to do so")