My comment:
(a) 安纳波利斯 Annapolis, capital of Maryland
(b) 美国陆军航空兵 United States Army Air Forces (yes, there is an "s" after "Force")
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces
(c) United States Coast Guard Academy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Academy
("Located in New London, Connecticut, it is the smallest of the five federal service academies" with 990 undergraduates)
(d)
(i) 少尉军衔
United States Military Academy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy
("All cadets receive commissioning as Second Lieutenants upon graduation")
(ii) "除非是为外国政府培养的国际学生，军校学员必须是美国公民。" VOA report.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy
("Because of the academy's congressional nomination process, students come from all 50 states. The academy is also authorized up to 60 allied nation exchange cadets, who undergo the same four-year curriculum as fully integrated members of the Corps of Cadets.")
My comment: Taiwan has a few graduates from United States Military Academy. Thus, Taiwan is an "allied nation."