To exclude the debilitating effect of World War I on the nations, I choose 1913 in lieu of 1914.
Stephen Broadberry and Alexander Klein, Aggregate And Per Capita GDP In Europe, 1870-2000; Continental, regional and national data with changing boundaries, Scandinavian Economic History Review, 60: 79-107 (2012).
www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03585522.2012.651306#preview
or
dev3.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf
1913 …………………….GDP ……………….Population...Per capita GDP
Belgium ……………….32,403……………..7.60 ………..4,263
Netherlands ………..21,988……………..6.21 …………3,539
United Kingdom ….229,604 ………..45.65 …………5,030
France ………………..129,039 …………39.77 ………...3,245
Italy ……………………...96,384 ………..35.42 ………...2,721
Spain………………………41,556 ………..20.20 ………….2,057
Turkey ………………….18,295 ………...13.00 ………...1,407
Austria-Hungary …122,385 ………...47.51 …………2,576
Germany …………….280,005 ………….66.98 ………..4,181
Russia ………………...265,089 ………..170.90 ……….1,551
USA ……………………..517,383 ………...97.61 ………..5,301
Note:
(a) The first URL, from the publisher, requires the sign-in--and likely payment. The second URL is the 2011 version (possibly a draft).
(b) Of course, Turkey, Germany and Russia at the time were called Ottoman Empire, German Empire and Russian Empire, respectively.
(c) The three columns (about GDP, population and per capita GDP, respectively) are extracted from the paper:
Table 1 GDP in Europe, 1870-1913, using pre-1913 boundaries ($m in 1990 international prices)
Table 2 Population in Europe, 1870-1913, using pre-1913 boundaries (millions)
Table 3 Per capita GDP in Europe, 1870-1913, using pre-1913 boundaries ($ in 1990 international prices)
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